Transient Ischemic Attack

1. Definition of "transient ischemic attack" (TIA).

1. It is caused by a temporary decrease in blood supply to a part of the brain.

2. It is a warning signal of a possible impending stroke.

3. Signs and symptoms resolve within 24 hours.

4. No permanent damage results.

5. The attack is usually indicative of advanced atherosclerosis.

2. Possible risk factors of TIA's.

1. Obesity.

2. High cholesterol.

3. Advanced age.

4. High blood pressure.

5. Atherosclerosis.

3. Signs and symptoms of TIA's (which may vary from minor weakness to loss of consciousness).

1. Dizziness.

2. Visual defects.

3. Numbness or weakness.

4. Headache.

5. Slowed mental process.

6. Seizures.

7. Temporary paralysis on one side.

8. Loss of consciousness.

4. The client/care giver should notify the physician or go to the emergency room in an attack occurs.

5. Measures to prevent further attacks.

1. Prevent atherosclerosis.

1. Achieve and maintain ideal weight. (Provide "Weight Reduction" handout.)

2. Avoid a diet high in cholesterol. (Provide "Decrease Cholesterol" handout.)

3. Exercise regularly.

2. Decrease or avoid alcohol consumption.

3. Monitor and control diabetes, hypertension, or other diseases.

4. Avoid oral contraceptives.