Schizophrenia

1. Definition of "schizophrenia."

1. It is a psychosis characterized by withdrawal from reality.

2. There are five types of schizophrenia.

1. Disorganized (hallucinations and delusion, inappropriate responses).

2. Catatonic (sudden excitement followed by stupor or posturing).

3. Paranoid (suspicious and jealous).

4. Residual (partial remission of symptoms).

5. Undifferentiated (symptoms of various types).

2. Signs and symptoms of schizophrenia.

1. Irrational and bizarre associations.

2. Delusions of persecution, grandeur, or impending destruction.

3. Belief that others can hear one's thoughts.

4. Inability to think or express thoughts clearly.

5. Auditory or visual hallucinations.

6. Apathy and lack of emotions.

7. Inappropriate behavior.

8. Decreased activity.

9. Agitation.

10. Paranoia.

11. Poor hygiene.

12. Social withdrawal and isolation.

3. Measures important in communicating with a schizophrenia person.

1. Promote a trusting relationship.

1. Treat a client with respect.

2. Explain carefully what is to be done before it happens.

3. Speak directly and simply.

4. Always be honest.

2. Promote self-esteem.

1. Reinforce client's strengths and skills.

2. Encourage client's sense of self-control.

3. Promote reality orientation. (Provide "Reality Orientation" handout.)

1. Orient person to time, person and place.

2. Avoid confirming a delusion, but do no argue with them about it.

4. Encourage socialization.

4. Continual treatment for schizophrenia.

1. Continue counseling with health professional.

2. Continue medication as instructed.

3. Use community supports and resources.