"Reality Orientation" is the process that keeps the client in touch with reality and decreases confusion and disorientation.
Use orientation aids such as clocks, calendars, reality boards, etc.
Do not reinforce hallucinations or delusions.
Give information slowly and simply.
Allow time for response.
Praise client for appropriate behavior.
Encourage independence.
If needed, be sure client has adequate glasses or hearing aide.
Include all caretakers and family in promoting reality orientation.
Treat client with respect, patience, and acceptance.
Encourage socialization with family and friends.
Encourage verbalization and allow client to talk about past events.
Avoid confusion by following familiar routines.
Tell client frequently what day and what time it is.
Discuss current events.
Give client only one instruction at a time to decrease confusion.