It is a negative, noninflammatory joint disease.
The cartilage, which protects the ends of bone, is worn away.
It can affect all mobile joints, especially weight-bearing joints.
Obesity.
Trauma.
Genetic tendency.
Advancing age.
Poor body posture.
Metabolic or endocrine abnormalities.
Aching pain that increases with activity and is usually relieved with rest.
Stiffness upon rising.
Heberden nodes (nodular bony enlargements with the joint).
Fatigue.
Decreased exercise tolerance.
Crepitus (creaking or grating upon join movement).
Restriction of join movement.
Exercise regularly.
Always get physician's permission.
Exercise daily at slow, steady pace using range of motion.
Never exercise a hot, inflamed joint.
Set realistic goals.
Balance work with rest.
Stop exercise if pain occurs.
Obtain adequate nutrition.
Control weight to prevent increased pressure on the joints. (Provide "Weight Reduction" handout.)
Eat well-balanced meals. (Provide "Daily Food Guide" handout.)
Avoid "quackery" diets.
Avoid excess sugar and salt. (Provide "Restrict Sodium" handout.)
Control stress.
Avoid situations that may cause stress.
Learn stress management techniques such as biofeedback, yoga, etc. (Refer to "Relaxation Techniques" handout.)
Apply heat or cold as ordered by physician.
Follow safety measures to prevent falls. (Refer to Safety/Potential for injury to the Elderly Teaching Guide.)
Take medication as ordered by physician.
Get assistance from local chapter of American Arthritis Foundation.
Use join protection principles.(Refer to handout.)
Use assistive or protective devices as needed such as splints, braces.
Follow good body mechanics. (Give client/care giver "Joint Protection" handout.)
Gastrointestinal bleeding.
Stress ulcers.
Acute inflammation.
Permanent loss of joint function.