Alzheimer's Disease

1. Definition of "Alzheimer's disease."

1. It is a type of dementia causing impairment of intellectual functioning.

2. It is caused by degeneration in nerve endings and brain cells.

2. Signs and symptoms of the three stages.

1. Stage I.

1. Forgetfulness.

2. Short attention span.

3. Unpredictable moods.

4. Impaired judgement.

5. Depression.

6. Restlessness.

2. Stage II.

1. Extreme irritability.

2. Loss of concentration.

3. Inability to care for own personal needs.

4. Increased restlessness, especially at night.

5. Difficulty with verbal communication.

6. Repetitive actions.

3. Stage III.

1. Incontinence of stool and urine.

2. Inability to communicate.

3. Total inability to care for self.

4. Twitching and seizures.

3. Measures that are beneficial.

1. Measures to decrease confusion. (Provide "Reality Orientation" handout.)

1. Explain to client slowly, in simple language, what needs to be done.

2. Maintain familiar routine and environment.

3. Approach in a calm, slow manner.

2. Measures to compensate for memory loss.

1. Label objects to remind client what they are used for.

2. Write notes to remind client.

3. Measures to promote safety.

1. Assess safety daily because of client's decreasing ability to recognize potential for injury.

2. Ensure that client is receiving medication as prescribed.

3. Provide adequate lighting.

4. Measures to promote self-esteem.

1. Encourage independence.

2. Allow time needed for dressing, eating, bathing, etc.

3. Show acceptance of client verbally and nonverbally.

4. Encourage socialization with other people.

5. Measures to provide adequate exercise and rest.

1. Establish a daily exercise routine.

2. Decrease restlessness with warm baths, back messages, and quiet music.

4. How to get help when needed.

1. Contact local or National Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (ADRDA).

2. Obtain respite time as needed with adult day care centers, or with supportive family and friends.

3. Attend support groups.

4. Follow good health practices to stay healthy.